AKLARI (Endosperm)
Aklari consists of dried endosperm of Lodoicea maldivica Pers. Syn. L. seychel larum Labill. (Fam. Arecacem), a tall, dioecious palm with straight, smooth, annulated trunk, 18 to 30 m high and 0.3 m dia, growing on all types of soils from the sandy shore to the arid mountain top and also cultivated in India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Samudra Narikela
Assamese : —
Bengali : Narikel, Jora Narikel
English : Double coconut
Gujrati : Dorai Nareal
Hindi : Dari yai Nariyal
Kannada : Joditengu
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Aklari
Marathi : Dariyacha Naral
Oriya : Samudra Narikela
Punjabi : Dariyai Nariyal
Tamil : Thunga, Kadal Thengai
Telugu : Samudra Tenkaya Kohari
Urdu : Narjeel Daryme
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs in varying sizes, about 2.0 cm thick; very hard having much the appearance and texture of vegetable ivory; outer surface moderately rough to smooth, dark brown in colour; inner surface rough, dirty white in colour with number of small tooth-like projections, when soaked in water it softens a little and can be split into thin fibrous bundles; fracture, very hard; odour and taste not characteristic.
b) Microscopic
Testa shows 4 to 6 layers of polygonal, tangentially elongated, lignified, thickwalled cells filled with reddish-brown contents, followed by a wide zone of oval to polygonal, thick-walled cells; endosperm consists of spindle-shaped cells with thick walls having a central lumen with club-shaped canals extending to the cell wall; a few simple starch grains present in endosperm measuring 13 to 18 n in dia., and small minute aleurone grains; oil globules present throughout the region.
Powder – Dirty brown; shows thick-walled, elongated, spindle-shaped endosperm cells, moderately thick-walled, polygonal, slightly wavy cells of testa in surface view, a few of them containing oil globules and small minute aleurone grains and simple starch grains measuring 13 to 18 n in dia.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 0.3 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using n-Butanol : Acetic acid: Water (4:1:5) v/v shows under UV (366 nm) one fluorescent zone at Rf. 0.94 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour four spots appear at Rf. 0.40, 0.60, 0.77 and 0.94 (all yellow). On spraying with 60% Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 120°C for ten minutes two spots appear at Rf. 0.31 (brown) and 0.94 (dark brown).
CONSTITUENTS – Sugars and Sterols.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu
Guna : Laghu
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Kaphahara, Vatahara, Hrdya, Visaghna, Trsnanigrahana, Sitaprasamana, Agnidiptikara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Gorocanadi Vati, Mrtasanjivani Gutika, Javahara Mohara
THERAPEUTIC USES – Visucika, Hrdroga, Sita Jvara
DOSE – 5-10 gm of the drug in the powder form
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